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Peperomia alternifolia

Yunck. (1933)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Magnoliids Order: Piperales Family: Piperaceae Genus: Peperomia

‘ala‘ala wai nui [alaala wai nui]

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Fleshy herbs.

Stems: Stems green or reddish–tinged, zigzag, ascending from a repent base, (5–)10–15(–30) cm long, ca. 1–1.5 mm in diameter toward base, usually not branched, internodes 0.3–1(–1.5) cm long, glabrous.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Alternate. Blades elliptic–oblanceolate or rhombic–elliptic, 1.5–4 cm long, 0.5–1 cm wide. Apex acute to acuminate, rarely lower leaves obtuse. Base cuneate to attenuate. Surfaces glabrous, green; lower surfaces paler. Margins flat, entire. Palmately 3-veined. Petioles 0.3–0.6 cm long. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers in fleshy spikes 1 or sometimes several, axillary, 1.5–2.5(–3) cm long, the rachis ca. 0.5–1 mm in diameter, glabrous, flowers moderately congested, peduncles 0.5–0.7 cm long. Flowers bisexual (perfect), perianth absent. Each flower subtended by a peltate bract. Calyx (sepals) absent. Corolla (petals) absent. Stamens 2. Ovary superior, ellipsoid–obovoid, 1-carpellate, 1-celled, apex slightly oblique; ovules 1 per cell, orthotropous, erect; stigmas subterminal.

Fruit: Fruit subglobose–obovoid; ca. 0.7 mm long; papillose–viscid with sessile glands. Seeds 1 per fruit; with scanty endosperm and copious; starchy perisperm.

Ploidy: 2n = 44

Habitat: On rocks or epiphytic on tree trunks; mesic valleys.

Elevation Range: 150–520 m.

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Molokai Endemic
Lana'i Endemic
Maui Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Specimens

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Bibliography

Name Published In: Bull. Bernice P. Bishop Mus. 112: 24 (1933)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:1022 (Mo, L, M)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Scientific Name Authorship Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. Halawa, N fork, Hipuapua Stream on Antidesma; mesic ohia forest, native trees and shrubs, exotic shrubs and grasses PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Stemmermann, R.L. 3958 Molokai BISH 7/21/1979
2 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. wailau valley, e bank of wailau stream Substratum in 3 tiers of concrete pier pilings extending to 8 m depth backed by concrete sandbag wall. Gradual sloping coarse sand at >9 m depth. Good coral cover totaling ca. 15-20% on pier pilings & rocks, dominated by Montipora putula, Pavona varians & Pocillopora meandrina PRESERVED_SPECIMEN f. r. fosberg 13469 Lanai BISH 12/28/1936
3 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. east maui, makawao district, hana hwy. at oopuola on mountain apple tree trunk PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hobdy, r.w. collector number: 1920 Maui BISH 1/26/1984
4 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. mapulehu valley, w branch along streambed, among rocks PRESERVED_SPECIMEN wiebke, h. collector number: degener 3069 Molokai BISH 7/20/1928
5 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. Wailau Valley mossy rock, woods PRESERVED_SPECIMEN St. John, H. 13232 Molokai BISH 7/3/1933
6 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. East Maui, Makawao District, Hana Hwy. at Oopuola on mountain apple tree trunk PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hobdy, R.W. 1920 Maui BISH 1/26/1984
7 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. mapulehu valley, w branch PRESERVED_SPECIMEN degener, o. collector number: 4292 Molokai BISH 7/20/1928
8 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. waiapaa, pali above PRESERVED_SPECIMEN munro, g.c. collector number: 274 Lanai BISH 12/23/1913
9 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN H. Wiebke & K. Nitta 3185 F 8/1/1928
10 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. wailau valley on ground, wet woods PRESERVED_SPECIMEN wiebke, h. nitta, k. collector number: degener 3185 Molokai BISH 8/4/1928
11 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. Punaula Valley, ledge beside waterfall PRESERVED_SPECIMEN St. John, H. 12833 Molokai BISH 12/28/1932
12 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. Wailau Valley, E bank of stream wet forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Fosberg, F.R. 13469 Molokai BISH 12/28/1936
13 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. East Molokai, Wailau Valley, N coast wet; forest, rocks, earth banks PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Fosberg, F.R. 9630 Molokai BISH 7/3/1933
14 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. West Maui, Lahaina District, Kahana Valley. Uncommon, on rocks and low tree trunks along perennial stream in disturbed lowland forest. Vegetation: Aleurites, Psidium, Pisonia, Pouteria, Pipturus, Urera, Musa, Cibotium, Psychotria, Microlepia, Christella, Rubus, Zingiber, Deparia, Peperomia, Lepisorus, Tibouchina, Clidemia, Ipomoea, Oplismenus. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. H111202 Maui BISH 11/8/2012
15 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. wailau valley mossy rock, woods PRESERVED_SPECIMEN st.john, h. et al. collector number: 13232 Molokai BISH 7/3/1933
16 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. Punaula Valley, canyon mossy rocks PRESERVED_SPECIMEN St. John, H. 12823 Molokai BISH 12/28/1932
17 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. west maui, kahakuloa, poelua gulch PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hobdy, r.w. collector number: 2116 Oahu BISH 5/29/1984
18 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. Wailau Valley on ground, wet woods PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wiebke, H. Degener 3186 Molokai BISH 8/4/1928
19 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. Waiapaa, pali above PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Munro, G.C. 274 Lanai BISH 12/23/1913
20 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. East Maui, Hana Hwy. at Oopuola on mountain apple tree trunk PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hobdy, R.W. 1920 Maui BISH 1/26/1984
21 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. halawa, n fork, hipuapua stream In deep shade, left side of stream, in same area as earlier Nothocestrum collection. Clay soil. Slope 40 degrees. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN stemmermann, r.l. montgomery, s. collector number: 3958 Kauai BISH 7/21/1979
22 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. punaula valley, canyon PRESERVED_SPECIMEN st.john, h. fosberg, f.r. collector number: 12823 Oahu BISH 12/1/1932
23 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. east molokai, wailau valley, n coast wet; forest, rocks, earth banks PRESERVED_SPECIMEN fosberg, f.r. collector number: 9630 Molokai BISH 7/3/1933
24 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. wailau valley, n coast east molakai Wet lower forest, wet rocks and earth banks. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN fosberg, f. r. 9630 CAS 7/10/1933
25 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. west branches of mapulehu valley, molokai. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN h. wiebke 3069 CM 7/20/1928
26 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN H. Wiebke 3069 F 7/20/1928
27 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN h. wiebke 3069 F 7/20/1928
28 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. west branches of mapulehu valley, molokai PRESERVED_SPECIMEN degener, otto; wiebke, henry 3069 Oahu F 7/10/1928
29 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN h. wiebke & k. nitta 3185 F 8/10/1928
30 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. wailau valley on ground in dark wet woods PRESERVED_SPECIMEN h. wiebke & k. nitta 3185 GH 8/8/1928
31 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. west branches of mapulehu valley Along shaded streambed among rocks PRESERVED_SPECIMEN h. wiebke 3069 GH 7/20/1928
32 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. wailau valley. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN henry wiebke|kazuto nitta wiebke 3185 MO 8/10/1928
33 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. wailan valley, n. coast of east molokai. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN f.r. fosberg fosberg 9630 MO 7/3/1933
34 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. west branches of mapulehu valley. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN henry wiebke wiebke 3069 MO 7/20/1928
35 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. mapulehu valley (western branch). PRESERVED_SPECIMEN otto degener degener 4292 MO 7/20/1928
36 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. pololu valley. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o degener; amy greenwell 21891 MU 2/19/1952
37 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. wailuaiki, maui. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener 27747 NY 7/4/1961
38 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. mapulehu valley (western branch), molokai. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener 4292 NY 7/20/1928
39 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. valley west of east ohia, molokai. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener 3065 NY 7/16/1928
40 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. molokai. mapulehu valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN c. n. forbes 302 NY 7/7/1912
41 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. west maui, honolua drainage PRESERVED_SPECIMEN k. r. wood 6202 Maui US 4/22/1997
42 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. MAUI: W. Maui: below Honokohau falls; Elev. 1760-2000 ft. Riparian Metrosideros mixed wet forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 5522 Maui PTBG 8/22/1996
43 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. MOLOKAI: Mapulehu; upper east side (Wailau Trail to Lae O Kapuna) Elev. 2400--3000 ft. Summit ridge of Metrosideros Montane Wet Forest with Cibotium understory and headwaters of Kapuna Gulch with narrow gulches of Metrosideros-Antidesma Lowland Wet Forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 7165 Molokai PTBG 2/10/1998
44 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. MAUI: W. Maui, Honolua Drainage; Elev. 2400--3000 ft. Metrosideros-Cheirodendron-Dicranopteris wet forest; riparian zone characterized by 3--30 m wide stream bed with large boulders; occasional terraces of Musa, Colocasia, & Cordyline; vertical stream walls dominated by Thelypteris stegnogrammoides; stream banks with thick blanketing of bryophytes. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 6202 Maui PTBG 4/24/1997
45 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. Wailau valley, Kukuinui ridge. In Metrosideros- Dicranopteris linearis wet forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 8929 Molokai PTBG 4/26/2001
46 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. w branches of mapulehu valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN h. wiebke 3069 Hawaii US 7/20/1928
47 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. mapulehu; upper east side (wailau trail to lae o kapuna) summit ridge PRESERVED_SPECIMEN k. r. wood, j. yoshioka, b. naeole & a. holt 7165 Molokai US 2/9/1998
48 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. east maui, along hana highway at oopuola PRESERVED_SPECIMEN r. hobdy 1920 Maui US 1/26/1984
49 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. wailau valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN h. wiebke & k. nitta 3185 Molokai US
50 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. wailau valley, molokai. Dense, dark, wet, predominately fern forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN h. wiebke 3185 WTU 8/11/1928
51 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. Mapulehu Valley, W branch PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O. 4292 Molokai BISH 7/20/1928
52 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. Wailau Valley on ground, wet woods PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wiebke, H. Degener 3185 Molokai BISH 8/4/1928
53 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. punaula valley, ledge beside waterfall Steep talus slope, accompanied by Leucaena, Sida fallax, Scaevola taccada & assorted weeds. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN st.john, h. fosberg, f.r. collector number: 12833 Oahu BISH 12/1/1932
54 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. West Maui, Honokohau Valley steep slope on E side; moss covered log in shade ~60' above watercourse; with Wikstroemia oahuensis, Pneumatopteris sandwicensis, Rubus rosifolius, Diplazium sandwichianum, Pipturus albidus, Cytandra grayi, Buddleia asiatica, Hedyotis accuminata, Elaphoglossum, Cyanea elliptica PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Meidell, J.S. 138 Maui BISH 8/29/1996
55 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. Mapulehu Valley on stone faces, streambed PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D.R. 1877 Molokai BISH 8/7/1970
56 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. wailau valley on ground, wet woods PRESERVED_SPECIMEN wiebke, h. nitta, k. collector number: degener 3186 Molokai BISH 8/4/1928
57 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. Mapulehu Valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C.N. 302.Mo Molokai BISH 7/1/1912
58 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. mapulehu valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN forbes, c.n. collector number: 302.mo Molokai BISH 7/1/1912
59 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. west maui, honokohau valley steep slope on E side; moss covered log in shade ~60' above watercourse; with Wikstroemia oahuensis, Pneumatopteris sandwicensis, Rubus rosifolius, Diplazium sandwichianum, Pipturus albidus, Cytandra grayi, Buddleia asiatica, Hedyotis accuminata, Elaphoglossum, Cyanea elliptica PRESERVED_SPECIMEN meidell, j.s. oppenheimer, h. collector number: 138 Maui BISH 8/29/1996
60 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. east maui, hana hwy. at oopuola on mountain apple tree trunk PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hobdy, r.w. collector number: 1920 Maui BISH 1/26/1984
61 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. mapulehu valley on stone faces, streambed PRESERVED_SPECIMEN herbst, d.r. collector number: 1877 Molokai BISH 8/7/1970
62 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. Mapulehu Valley, W branch along streambed, among rocks PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wiebke, H. Degener 3069 Molokai BISH 7/20/1928
63 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. West Maui, Kahakuloa, Poelua gulch on tree trunk, forest, steep slope PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hobdy, R.W. 2116 Maui BISH 5/29/1984
64 Peperomia alternifolia Yunck. wailau valley, e bank of stream In a Styphelia-Holcus community; many pine trees in area. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN fosberg, f.r. collector number: 13469 Maui BISH 12/28/1936
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